วันพุธที่ 14 ธันวาคม พ.ศ. 2554

Fire Alarms Are a commercial Necessity

In the early days of the American textile mills, fires were fought using a sprinkler ideas made of perforated pipes. This ideas was not self-acting and had to be turned on manually. Colse to the time of the Civil War, men started trying to find best ways to protect premise workers from fire. In 1872, Philip W. Pratt patented the first self-acting sprinkler. It was better, but needed improvement. Therefore, in 1874, Henry S. Parmalee came up with a ideas that used a practical, self-acting sprinkler head and installed it in his own piano factory.

At this point in time, the only people who were installing sprinkler systems were those with industrial interests. They discovered that by installing a sprinkler their guarnatee business would give them discounted rates. Since they were able to recoup the cost of the ideas by using these discounts, it made sense to these savvy businessmen to have one. In the 1940s, though, this changed when construction codes were written manufacture it mandatory to have sprinkler systems in other social buildings, along with schools, hospitals, and hotels.

Henry S Camera

Commercial Sprinkler Systems Save Lives

Over the years, fire alarm systems have become mandatory in all social places where more than 100 people can congregate and in all buildings which aren't placed with 75 feet of a fire hub or a fire plug. industrial fire alarms are now mandatory all over the country for schools, large churches, shopping malls, hospitals, theaters, hotels, and other large facilities. Facilities which storage dangerous materials are also required to have a fire alarm.

It's the procedure of most guarnatee fellowships that if no fire ideas is installed, no guarnatee coverage will be issued. In this way guarnatee fellowships protect themselves from insuring risky ventures. The guarnatee business refuses to take on the responsibility for compensating negligent business owners for property loss, construction damage, and human casualties. Businesses that must have fire security systems now comprise anywhere people can stay over night, such as motels, bed and breakfasts, and resorts.

The new Esfr sprinkler ideas is at the cutting edge of sprinkler technology. It was designed to keep fires contained so that they don't spread. Sprinklers are pre-programmed to come on when they sense a clear heat level. Then, only the sprinklers which receive signals will go on to fight the fire. Sprinklers that aren't in the affected area remain off. In this way, the water pressure going to the active heads will be greater and uncompromised.

There are sprinkler systems ready that are specially-designed for sensitive areas of a construction which undoubtedly can't come in sense with water unless an crisis arises. These sprinkler systems are called "dry systems". In these areas, if a fire alarm goes off, the ideas does a dinky investigating to see if there undoubtedly is a need for water. By employing smoke and heat detector technology, the sensors can make sure the water undoubtedly needs to come on and destroy significant items in the area before the sprinkler is undoubtedly activated.

As our society has realized the devastation of fires and decided to take aggressive measures towards fighting them, many lives are being saved. Thank goodness we no longer have the terrible sweatshop fires that killed hundreds. In fact, workplace deaths have declined to almost nothing. What do you think Henry S. Parmalee would think if he could see us now?

pictureframs

วันอาทิตย์ที่ 11 ธันวาคม พ.ศ. 2554

King of Photographic Picture-Making - Henry Peach Robinson Or Hp Robinson (1830 - 1901)

English Pictorialist Photographer Henry Peach Robinson or H.P. Robinson was born to John Robinson, a schoolteacher & Eliza Robinson on July 09, 1830, at Ludlow, Shropshire, England. After completing his original instruction from Horatio Russell's Academy at the age of thirteen and a year's drawing tuitions from Richard Penwarne, Robinson began his artistic journey as an apprentice to Richard Jones, a Ludlow bookseller and printer.

Following an first struggle, working as a bookseller with Bromsgrove (1850) and Whittaker & Co. (1851), Henry Robinson was finally able to exhibit his oil painting, "On the Teme near Ludlow" at the Royal Academy in 1852. Robinson's longing for doing something atypical, stirred him towards a new technique called 'High Art' or 'Combination Photographs.' These photographs are created by putting together any pieces of separate negatives to accomplish one impressive picture, a harbinger of 'Photomontage.' A meeting with sublime photographer, Hugh Welch Diamond, in 1855, left Henry distinct of his penchant for the art and he opened a studio at Leamington Spa to sell 'High Art' portraits and later setting up other studio at Kent. In 1856, Henry met Victorian Art Photographer Oscar Gustave Rejlander, similar & the intense artistic inclinations of the duo made them the founding members of the Birmingham Photographic Society. In 1858, the artist created his first acclaimed composition Photograph, "Fading Away."

Henry S Camera

At the age of twenty-nine, in 1859, Henry married Selina Grieves, the daughter of a Ludlow chemist. Robinson took to ill condition because of his exposure to toxic photographic chemicals, resulting in the end down of his studio in 1864. The artist however, resorted to the 'scissors and paste-pot' method. "Fading Away" (1858) is Henry's magnum opus, which portrays the death of a young girl from tuberculosis, surrounded by her grief-stricken family. Some other noteworthy pieces are "The Lady of Shallot" (1861), "Autumn" (1863), and "Seascape at night" (1870).

By 1869, Robinson relocated to London, where he authored incredibly inspirational essays on photographic practices such as "Effect in Photography, Being Hints on composition and Chiaroscuro for Photographers." As his condition improved, Robinson along with Nelson King Cherrill opened a new studio in Tunbridge Wells. A year later, in 1870, he became the vice-president of the Royal Photographic Society, where he raised his voice for inspecting photography as an art form.

In spite of the dissolution of his pro connection with Cherrill in 1875, Robinson persisted with the work, until he retired in 1888. He resigned in 1891, due to Photographic Society's lack of consideration for photography as an art. Henry went on to join connected Ring Society, an opponent society, as a member, where he prolonged until 1900. By this time, the Royal Photographic community restored its connection with Robinson and awarded him with an Honorary Fellowship, to recognize his contributions for photography as an art form.

Henry Robinson was a noteworthy art photographer of the 1800s, an avid follower of Pre-Raphaelites and very influenced by the works of John Ruskin & J.M.W. Turner. The artist successfully captured the eternal existence of 'Mediaeval' setting. He breathed his last on February 21, 1901. Henry Peach Robinson was buried at Tunbridge Wells.

cannprintersupport

วันศุกร์ที่ 9 ธันวาคม พ.ศ. 2554

The Ruth Brown Snyder - Judd Grey Murder Trial - double Indemnity

One crime writer called it, "a cheap crime consuming cheap people." renowned author and playwright Damon Runyon said the crime was so "idiotic," he coined it, "The Dumbbell Murders," because the murderers were so dumb.

Blonde, broad-shouldered, and buxom, Ruth Brown Snyder was complicated in a marriage she could no longer take. She told people her husband Albert Snyder, 13 her senior, had taken advantage of her youth and tricked her 10 years earlier, when she was only 19 years old, into a marriage "she certainly didn't want." Snyder said Albert, an art editor with Motor Boating Magazine, was a mean man, who was able to convince her to marry him because she was young, innocent, and naïve. Snyder told people that on the day they were married, she was too weak and faint even to consummate the marriage with Albert.

Henry S Camera

Ruth Snyder said, "He had to wait till I was better before he got his way. But to him I was never any better than the ex-switchboard operator who worked in a typing pool."

Yet, after Albert's death, his editor and publisher, C. F. Chapman said about Albert, "He was a man's man... A quiet, honest, upright man, ready to play his part in the drama of life without seeking the spotlight, or trying to fill the foremost role. All the world is made up of good, solid, silent men like him."

Judd Grey was a nondescript, bespectacled corset salesman, who was also complicated in a loveless marriage. Agreeing to Grey's coworkers, Grey's wife Isabel was an enigma. She was seldom seen or heard by anyone, and had taken on the aspect of an "invisible woman." Few of Grey's coworkers at Bien Joilie Corset enterprise had ever met his wife, or had even spoken to her. In fact, some of his coworkers did not know that the 32-year-old Grey was even married.

As he awaited the galvanic chair, Grey described his wife, in his autobiography, as such: "Isabel, I suppose, one would call a home girl. She had never trained for a occupation of any kind. She was studying to cook, and was a true and exceptionally exact housekeeper. As I think it over searchingly, I am not sure, and we were married these many years, of her ambitions, hopes, or her ideals. We made our home, drove our car, played bridge with our friends, danced, raised our child - ostensibly together - married. Never could I seem to attain with her the comradeship that formed the bond between my mum and myself."

It started out as a blind date arranged by another couple. Ruth Snyder and Judd Grey first met in a tiny cafeteria in midtown Manhattan called "Henry's Swedish Restaurant." After four hours of complaining to each other about the miseries of their respective marriages, they vowed to meet again soon.

On August 4, 1925, Albert Snyder and his seven-year-old daughter Lorraine were on a boating trip to protection Island. Grey took this opportunity to knock on the door of the Snyder residence in Queens Village. Judd implored Ruth Snyder to have dinner with him at "their place": "Henry's Swedish Restaurant." After they dined and imbibed more than a few alcoholic beverages, Grey invited Snyder to his office on 34th street and Fifth Avenue. His excuse was, "I have to regain a case of sample corsets."

Inside Grey's office, Snyder complained to Grey that she had a bad sunburn. "I've got some camphor oil in my desk," Grey said. "Let me get it for you."

Grey retrieved the camphor oil, and he began rubbing the oil seductively on Snyder's reddened neck and shoulders, which aroused both people sexually. After the rubdown, Grey offered to give Snyder one of his new corsets, which he would graciously fit for her. Of course, this necessitated Ruth removing her blouse, which exposed her corpulent breasts. One thing led to another, and in the Bein Jolie Corset Company, Grey and Snyder first consummated their relationship. Snyder was so overcome with Grey's affections, she said to him, "Okay, from now on you can call me Momsie."

For the next 18 months, while Albert Snyder was at work, Ruth Snyder and Judd Grey met for numerous trysts in Midtown hotels, or sometimes even at the Snyder residence. During these indiscretions, Ruth Snyder's daughter Lorraine was either downstairs sitting on the Snyder living room couch, or sitting in the lobby of a sleazy Manhattan hotel. The slobbering love affair was such that Grey often knelt at Snyder's feet, massaging her feet and ankles, and declaring, "You are my Queen, my Momsie, my Mommie." She would look down lovingly at Grey and say, "You are my baby, my 'Bud', my loverboy."

It was nearby this duration of time, that Albert Snyder began having a series of strange "accidents." In the summer of 1925, Albert was jacking up his house Buick so that he could turn a flat tire. Suddenly, the jack slipped and the car fell, roughly crushing Albert to death, as he swiftly scrambled out of harm's way. A few days later, Albert had a problem with the crank of his car. He somehow hit himself on the head with the crank, and he fell to the ground, unconscious. When Albert awoke, he still couldn't figure out how his head could have been struck by that unintelligent crank.

After those two lucky breaks, or unlucky breaks, Agreeing to which way you look at it, Albert had a third accident. In August of 1925, Albert again was working under his car in his indoor garage, with the machine running. Being the good wife, Ruth brought her husband a cool whiskey and soda to help him battle the heat. Ruth also told Albert how proud she was that he was such a great mechanic. Ruth then exited the garage, and a few minutes after Albert drank the whiskey, he began to feel drowsy. Albert glanced at the garage doors, and was shocked to find that instead of the doors being open, they were now tightly closed, which was causing him to inhale noxious carbon monoxide fumes from the tailpipe of his running car.

Ruth Snyder related these three incidents to Judd Grey. Even if Albert Snyder didn't comprehend what was happening, Grey sure did. "What are you trying to do?" Grey asked Ruth. "Kill the poor guy?"

"Momsie can't do it alone," Ruth said. "She needs help. Lover Boy will have to help her."

At the time, Judd Grey thought, since they had been drinking, it was the alcohol talking, not Ruth. But the next time they met, Grey realized for the first time Ruth had been serious about killing her husband.

After a strenuous bout of lovemaking, Ruth blurted out triumphantly, "We'll be okay for money," she said. "I've just tricked Albert into taking out some hefty life insurance. He thinks it's only for 00, but it's certainly for ,000, if he dies by accident. I put three separate policies in front of him, and only let him see the space where you sign. I told him it was a thousand buck course in triplicate. He's covered for 00, 00, and ,000, with a duplicate indemnity clause, in case of an accidental death."

Even after Ruth Snyder had told Judd Grey that she was intent on killing her husband for the life insurance settlements, Grey still had his doubts. While the two love birds prolonged carrying on their torrid affair, Albert Snyder was nearly killed in three more "accidents." In July of 1926, Albert fell asleep on his living room couch and roughly died because someone had accidentally left on the gas jets in the kitchen. In January 1927, Albert had a violent case of the hiccups. Ruth Snyder said she had the perfect cure for pickups, and she handed her husband a glass of bichloride of mercury. Albert guzzled down the drink, and immediately he became violently ill. Yet, Albert did not die. The very next month Albert Snyder again fell asleep on his living room couch, and he roughly expired, because someone had inadvertently left on the gas tap in the living room.

After trying to kill her husband six times, Ruth Snyder knew she needed help if she were to be successful. She told Judd Grey, "My husband has turned into a brute! He's even bought a gun and says he'll shoot me with it."

In February 1927, Ruth Snyder and Judd Grey were trysting in the Waldorf-Astoria hotel in Midtown Manhattan. Ruth was firmly in charge, and after giving Grey a nice roll in the hay, she ordered Grey to go to Kingston, New York, to purchase chloroform, a window sash weight, and photograph wire. She told him, that way "we have three means of killing him One of them must certainly work."

Grey protested, but Ruth was not to be deterred. She said, "If you don't do as I say, that's the end of us in bed. You can find yourself another Momsie to sleep with. Only nobody else would have you but me."

Grey whined that he was not the type to commit murder, but Ruth kept on applying the pressure. One night, when Albert and their daughter Lorraine were not at home, Ruth brazenly brought Grey to her Queens community house. They went upstairs to her daughter's room, and had passionate sex. Grey at this point, certainly terrified that he would not be able to enjoy Ruth's mad lovemaking anymore, reluctantly agreed to share in the murder of Albert Snyder.

From this point on, Ruth did all the planning, and Grey did what she told him to do. They had some clandestine meetings, where Ruth laid out the step-by-step course how they would kill her husband. One such meeting took place at "Henry's Swedish Restaurant," with Ruth's daughter Lorraine sitting at the same table with them, but not truly comprehension what they were talking about: that her father was in imminent danger of being murdered.

In the early morning hours of March 20, 1927, Grey fortified by more than a few sips of whiskey from a pint bottle, boarded a bus from uptown Manhattan to the Snyder house in Queens. The house was empty, because Ruth and Albert Snyder, along with their daughter Lorraine, were at a bridge party at the home of one of their neighbors, a Mrs. Milton Fidgeon. Ruth had left the side door unlocked, allowing Grey to enter the house. Grey hid himself in an empty bedroom upstairs. Grey even brought an Italian newspaper to plant later as a red herring for the police.

At nearby 2 Am, the Snyder house returned home. By this time Albert Snyder was quite drunk, and he immediately went to bed, and fell asleep in an alcohol-induced stupor. Ruth put Lorraine to bed, then she slipped down the hall to the extra bedroom, where Judd was hiding. Ruth was wearing just a slip and a négligée.

She kissed Grey, then said, "Have you found the sash weight?" Grey told her that he had. Ruth said, "Keep quiet then. I'll be back as quick as I can."

A few minutes later, Ruth left the expert bedroom and entered the bedroom where Grey was waiting. They complete the last of the whiskey Grey had brought with him, then she grabbed Grey by the hand and said, "Okay, this is it."

Ruth led Grey to the expert bedroom. Grey was wearing rubber gloves so he wouldn't leave any fingerprints. Ruth was carrying the window sash weight, the chloroform, and the piano wire. When they opened the bedroom door, Grey saw Albert Snyder for the first time. After they complete the bedroom door behind them, Grey raised the sash weight, brought it over his head, and smashed it feebly down on Albert Snyder's head. It was such an inconsequential blow, Albert Snyder sat up in bed and tried to defend himself. Grey brought the sash down on Albert Snyder's head a second time, this time drawing a wee blood. Albert Snyder, now enraged, clutched Grey's necktie and began to strangle him with it. Grey screamed like a wee girl. "Help Momsie!" Grey said. "For God's sake, help!"

Ruth grabbed the fallen stash weight, swung it over her head, and with all her essential might, she smashed it down onto her husband's head. It was a debilitating blow, but Albert Snyder, now semi-conscious, was still alive. With her man-like strength, Ruth Snyder pinned her twitching husband's body down, and stuffed cotton, laced with chloroform, into his nostrils, and into his mouth. As Grey stood dumbfounded, Ruth Snyder tied her husband's hands and feet, then she strangled her husband to death with the piano wire.

With Albert Snyder now quite dead, Ruth and Grey got busy washing the blood from their clothes. Having done so, Grey put on a clean blue shirt that belonged to Albert.

To make it look like a robbery gone awry, Ruth hid all her jewelry and furs, and also the sash that had been one of the murder weapons. Then they went down to the living room and messed up all the pillows and furniture, to make it look like robbers had overturned all seeing for valuables. That done, Grey loosely tied up Ruth, gagged her with cheesecloth, and left her in the empty bedroom, with the Italian newspaper next to her.

Grey was scheduled to voyage to the Onondaga Hotel in Syracuse, New York to resume selling corsets. But before he left, he looked back at Ruth Snyder and said, "It may be two months, it may be a year, and maybe never before you see me again."

Right after dawn the following morning, Lorraine Snyder was awakened by a loud tapping sound that seemed to come from the hallway. She called out to both her parents, but got no reply. Lorraine ran out into the hallway and spotted her mum bound and gagged on the floor. Lorraine untied her mum and took the gag out of her mother's mouth. Ruth jumped to her feet and ran from the house screaming, waking her neighbors Harriet and Louis Mulhauser. Ruth told them, crying, "It was dreadful, just dreadful! I was attacked by a prowler. He tied me up. He must have been after my jewels." Then she paused, "Is Albert all right?"

Louis Mulhauser ran into the Snyder house, up the stairs and into the expert bedroom. He found Albert Snyder bound and dead, with two massive head wounds.

The police were called in immediately, and they swiftly were suspicious about the way the living room had been tossed. The police interrogated Ruth Snyder as if she were the perpetrator of a husband's demise. However, Ruth stuck to her outlandish story. She insisted to the police, "I was attacked by a big, rough - seeing guy of about 35 with a black mustache. He was a foreigner, I guess some kind of Eyetalian."

Dr. Harry Hansen was called in by the police to observe Albert Snyder's dead body, and to observe Ruth Snyder for any sign that she had been assaulted. After examining Albert's dead body, and Ruth also, Dr. Hansen was convinced that Ruth Snyder's story was a unblemished fabrication. He gave his findings to Police Commissioner George McLaughlin, and the Police Commissioner agreed with Dr. Hansen's conclusions. The Police Commissioner immediately sent 60 policeman to surround the Snyder residence, whereby Ruth was immediately arrested for questioning.

While Ruth was being grilled at the center house, the Snyder house was searched. The police found Ruth's rings and necklaces under a mattress, and a fur coat hanging in a closet. That convinced the police that Ruth had made up the entire episode, and was most likely responsible for a husband's death.

In the Snyder residence, the police also found an address book, with the names of 28 separate men in it, including the name of Judd Grey. They also found a canceled check made out to Grey by Ruth Snyder for 0. Now the police knew that Ruth Snyder had had an accomplice.

Armed with this information, the police applied the screws to Ruth Snyder. They hoodwinked her into production a loose confession, by telling her that Judd Grey had already been arrested, and had named her as the killer of her husband. Ruth, incensed that her lover would rat her out so quickly, ultimately admitted that she certainly took part in the plan to kill her husband, but she pinned all on the shy corset salesman. "But I didn't aim a singular blow on Albert," Ruth told the police. "That was all Judd's doing. At the last moment, I tried to stop him, but it was too late!"

Realized she had been tricked, Ruth Snyder then told police where they could find Judd Grey. The police cornered Grey in a Syracuse hotel and arrested him. Immediately, the ordinarily quiet Grey began talking nonstop. He admitted everything, exactly as it happened, naming Ruth Snyder as the instigator of the whole sordid affair.

"I would have never killed Snyder, but for her," Grey said. "She had this power over me. She just told me what to do, and I did it."

The daily New York City newspapers played up the trial as "The Granite Woman," versus the "Man of Putty." The trial, which started on April 18, 1927, lasted 18 days. During the trial, Ruth Snyder was dressed entirely in black (obviously in mourning for her dearly-departed husband). She wore a crucifix on a chain nearby her neck, and she continuously fiddled with rosary beads, which were clutched in both hands on her lap. Judd Grey, dressed in a double-breasted, blue pinstriped suit, with fastidiously pressed trousers, sat impassively, as if he was resigned to his fate.

Celebrities from nearby the country attended the trial, with the thought of writing books, and possibly production movies about murder. Those people included mystery writer Mary Roberts Rinehart, director D. W. Griffith, author Will Durant, actress Nora Bayes, and evangelists Billy Sunday and Aimee Semple McPherson.

One of the New York City's top crime reporters, Peggy Hopkins Joyce, wrote in the New York Daily Mirror. "Poor Judd Grey! He hasn't It! He hasn't anything. He's just a sap who kissed and was told on. This 'Putty Man' was extraordinary modeling material for the Swedish-Norwegian vampire. She was passionate, and she was cold-blooded. Her passion was for Grey; her cold-bloodedness was for her husband. You know woman can do things to men that make men crazy. I mean, they can exert their influence over them in such a way that men will do roughly anyone for them. And I guess that is what Ruth did to Judd."

The trial itself was a three-ring circus, in which each defendant blamed the other for the murder of Albert Snyder. Ruth Snyder said on the observe stand that it was Judd Grey who had dragged her to illegal speakeasies and nightclubs. And it was he who drank until he got drunk. Snyder said she didn't drink herself, and certainly never smoked. Then she told the big lie. She said under oath that it was Judd Grey who had insisted that she take out an expensive life insurance course on husband's life. Ruth told the court, "Once, he even sent me poison and told me to give it to my husband."

When Judd Grey took the stand, he was a much more believable observe than Ruth Snyder. He told the court that Ruth Snyder had tried to kill her husband some times previously, but had been unsuccessful every time.

Grey said under oath, "I told her she was crazy, when she told me that she had given a husband poison as a cure for hiccups. I said to her that it was a hell of a way to cure hiccups."

The entire time Grey was on the observe stand, Ruth Snyder sat with her head bowed, crying incessantly and fingering her rosary beads. Ruth's outbursts of sorrow were so loud, the judge glared at her and told her to operate herself.

Grey's attorney tried to save his client from the galvanic chair, with a brilliant summation to the jury. Grey's attorney told the jury that his client was, "The most tragic story that has ever gripped the human heart." He said Judd Grey was a, "law-abiding people who had been duped and dominated by a designing, deadly conscienceless, abnormal woman, a human serpent, a human fiend in a disguise of a woman." His attorney also said that Judd Grey had been "drawn into this hopeless chasm when calculate was gone, mind was gone, manhood was gone, and when his mind was weakened by lust and passion."

On May 9, after the jury deliberated only 98 minutes, Ruth Snyder and Judd Grey were both found guilty of first-degree, premeditated murder. The judge immediately sentenced both of them to die in the galvanic chair at Sing Sing prison. In her prison cell while she awaited her execution, Ruth Snyder received 164 marriage proposals.

On January 12, 1928, Judd Grey sat in the galvanic chair first. After telling the Warden that he had received a letter from his wife forgiving him, he told the Warden that, "He was ready to go and had nothing to fear."

Four minutes after Grey received the juice, Ruth Snyder sat down and was blindfolded in the galvanic chair. An enterprising reporter from the New York Daily News somehow entered the operation room with a tiny camera strapped to his ankle. At the instant the galvanic shock jolted Ruth Snyder's body, the reporter snapped her picture. That death photograph appeared on the front page of the New York Daily News the following day.

In 1944, the highly flourishing and critically acclaimed movie duplicate Indemnity, staring Barbara Stanwyck and Fred MacMurray, was released. The plot was based on the Ruth Brown Snyder and Judd Grey murder case. In 2007, the American Film make listed duplicate Indemnity as the 29th best movie on their list of the top 100 American movies of all time.

http://polarooidspprinter.blog.com/ freeplasmatv

วันอังคารที่ 6 ธันวาคม พ.ศ. 2554

Hello From Calgary: Luxury at the Twin Gables B&B and an Unexpected Celebrity morning meal

Bed and breakfast tour is one of our favourite ways of discovering new places and the historic Twin Gables B&B is a real treat. It is a 4.5 star-rated bed and breakfast, located in the upscale Mount Royal neighbourhood in Calgary, which is about 25 minutes away by foot from downtown, and the cafeteria area on 4th street takes just a 10 petite to walk to. It was the exquisite location for our Sneak Peek at Calgary and after a good night's rest after our feast at Il Giardino's last night, we enjoyed the comforts of our Mount Royal Suite, perfect with its own sitting area, a underground bathroom, an in-suite jacuzzi, a fireplace and a laptop computer with high-speed Internet access.

Well, a good part of the B&B feel is the breakfasting feel and boy, were we in for a treat. We were just waiting to sit down for our morning meal in the historic parlor, when the two other B&B guests came down the stairs: a good-looking consolidate about our age was about to join us for breakfast.

Henry S Camera

I view the face of the young man looked familiar, but I couldn't quite place it. My husband, on the other hand, recognized him right away: Michael Damian , a.k.a. "Danny Romalotti" from the sublime "The Young and The Restless" daytime television show.

I did some research on our sublime breakfast companions and was rather astounded at their achievements. Not only did Michael star in the #1-rated daytime drama (with an audience of over 100 million colse to the world), he is also enjoying great success in music and theatre. He captured the starring role in Andrew Lloyd Webbers "Joseph and the fabulous Technicolor Dreamcoat" which became the highest grossing revival in L.A. History. He then prolonged his success in New York, breaking box office records on Broadway. Michael has also released 5 albums and has had 8 top 40 hits and earned a Bmi Songwriting Award. Recently Michael has moved into directing, writing and producing movies and music videos.

Mike's wife Janeen (formerly Janeen Best) is a celebrity in her own right: she is a previous Solid Gold dancer and her film earnings contain Basic Instinct, Bugsy, Earth Girls Are Easy, Footloose and many more. Her television earnings contain Solid Gold, the Academy Awards, American Music Awards, Grammy Awards, the Young and the Restless, Matlock, Fantasy Island, Love Boat, Johnny Carson, the Dukes of Hazard and many more. So, it finally dawned on me that we were absolutely surrounded by stars.

Well, after I got over this initial surprise, the breakfast was excellent, we started off with yoghurt and fresh fruits, followed by beautiful home-made blueberry scones. The main policy was a yummy Western omelet with green peppers, onions and mushrooms. The meal was yummy and we had a great conversation with our sublime breakfast companions.

Mike and Janeen shared with us that they were in town to scout out a location for their upcoming movie scheme and they were staying at the Twin Gables for a few days. They mentioned that they launched a movie yield firm called Riviera Films a few years ago, and that they enjoy a great collaboration writing, producing and directing movies. Their most recent scheme "Hot Tamale" was recently completed and will be premiering shortly at the Newport Beach Film Festival.

For a moment it felt a bit strange, sharing the breakfast table with real celebrities, but Mike and Janeen were so natural and down-to-earth, it was like sitting down with a regular consolidate from next door. There was not even a hint of snobbishness or arrogance here and all four of us had a delightful conversation.

For me it was very bright because I myself have been development a transition into the creative / media field with my website, so it was very informative for me to listen to Mike and Janeen share their own stories of bright from acting in front of the camera to stepping behind the camera into directing and producing movie projects, a field where they had to prove themselves all over again. We also shared lots of laughs and parted, wishing each other good luck for our respective projects. Our encounter goes to show you that some of the stereotypes that we join together with celebrities often do not apply and that fame does not automatically inflate people's egos. It was a real satisfaction to meet Michael and Janeen, two successful, creative and down-to-earth people.

After breakfast I wanted to sit down a petite with Deirdre and Henry Brost, the owners of the Twin Gables, to find out more about the background of this historic home and how it came to be this special bed and breakfast. Deirdre explained that in 1909 there was a big boom in Calgary and Cp Rail owned all the land in the neighbourhood and decided to sell it off in lots. American investors wanted to call it American Hills, but Cpr's founder would not allow that. He decided to name the area Mount Royal, in keeping with development it the most exclusive area in Calgary.

The house itself was built between 1910 and 1912 by a lawyer, a obvious Mr. Milliken, who had come to Calgary from Toronto. Due to the economic emergency following the 1929 stock shop crash he lost the house to the bank in 1931 and a obvious Wellington Walker, an entrepreneur also from Toronto, bought it in 1932 for ,500. He was involved in the coal and cattle firm and owned some sign shops. In 1965, at 91 years of age, he willed the house to his caregiver who turned it into a lodging house after his death. After she passed away in 1972 it remained a rooming house and gently started to fall in disrepair.

The house's previous owners, Marge and Tsak Rogers, are local artists who furnish highly sought after paintings and they started renovating the house from top to lowest in 1976. In 25 years they gutted it and fully renovated all three floors. Henry & Deirdre bought the house about 4 years ago after they had already owned a bed and breakfast in the suburbs of Calgary. Deirdre wanted to move into the town of town where there would be inquire for tourist room all year round. It was a big step for both of them, and the taxes in the city allowable were a considerable growth in costs, but Deirdre loves the location. She said that this is the house she has always dreamed of owning.

Henry & Deirdre's story of how they opened their B&B is rather fabulous in itself: They took possession on a Saturday and their friends helped them move. On Sunday they unpacked their 3-bedroom house, on Monday the B&B inspector came, and Monday afternoon they were open for business. Sure enough that Monday evening they had their first guest.

They filled me in on a whole litany of renewal adventures: they added bathrooms to two of the three guest bedrooms. A big surprise hit them when they found out they had to rewire the whole house, but Henry, an specialist electrician himself, rewired the house by leaving the walls and the historic wallpaper intact and installing wires from the floors above. They installed extra plugs, extra telephone wires and high-speed Internet entrance all throughout the house.

Another adventure befell them when their sewer pipe collapsed: they had some guests in the house when the clay pipe leading away from the house broke and a rather unpleasant liquid started backing up into the house. They had to get a work crew in with a back hoe and many thousands of dollars later they had not only a new sewer pipe, but also a new driveway and parking lot.

They also had to redo the chimney, and while they were at it they had to take off a house of squirrels. The chimney's mortar had deteriorated and they had to redo the joints between the bricks. From 2004 to 2005 the house was fully repainted and holes behind the eaves troughs were fixed: it took 72 packets of silicon to fill in the cracks. Then they hand washed and painted the house. And all this had to be scheduled while the B&B was hosting a wide variety of guests. Both Deirdre and Henry say that owning an old house is like a money pit, but they both love the house. Henry, always with a smile on his face, did virtually all the renovations and says he enjoyed them all. They even redid the entire garden, not surprising considering that Deirdre is an avid gardener.

Deirdre runs the bed and breakfast full-time while Henry helps her as much as he can, considering he is working full-time as an electrician. Deirdre said she had to train him not to snatch strips of bacon away from her B&B guests on his way to work. With a boyish smile on his face Henry says he has learned the rules of the house in the meantime and no longer grabs tasty morsels from the guests' breakfast.

With all the renovations, Deirdre and Henry tried to maintain the superior architectural features of the house. The dining room has not changed at all, the wallpaper, furnishings and hand-moulded cornices are traditional to the house. The room also features a built-in mahogany china system. To this day, Twin Gables has a functional "maid call system" with bells to call the household help on every floor.

The parlour features a wall surround wallpaper with scenes of Hyde Park in London. Deirdre believes the wallpaper dates back to either the first or second owner. The first owner, Mr. Milliken, was friends with the Prince of Wales, who is said to have been here at the Twin Gables.

The living room and parlour feature traditional light fixtures with a copy of the traditional Edison light bulbs. absolutely not the brightest lighting, but truly historic. The previous owners got the house designated as a provincially registered "historic resource" in 1984 because of the house's historic arts and crafts style.

Twin Gables's overseas guests mostly come from England, Scotland, Ireland as well as Germany and Holland. Of policy they also see a lot of Ontarians, British Columbians and travelers from the United States. Off-season they get a lot of "urban romantics'" who are local Calgary residents, just trying to get away for a weekend of pampering and romance. They also see their fair share of firm travellers, particularly while the week. Many of the travellers are teachers, doctors and lawyers, but they have even hosted Nasa rocket scientists.

Overall they have had a absolutely obvious feel with their bed and breakfast and they have hardly ever had "the guests from hell". The only thing that bugs them is when guests do not come downstairs on time for breakfast or when they do not show up at all. Freshly made breakfasts simply do not taste that great a half hour later and Deirdre works hard to make sure her food tastes just right. She commented that she has truly found her niche in life and strives to deliver the best possible service. "Ï am here to serve", she says, and Henry agrees, nodding with his characteristic smile.

All guest rooms are equipped with their own underground bathrooms, telephone, and personel laptops with high speed access. Each room has a personal fridge and a coffee maker, and our suite had a fabulous Jacuzzi tub with a great view of the Calgary skyline.

Deirdre and Henry's dedication to delivering a great B&B feel assuredly shows.

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วันอาทิตย์ที่ 4 ธันวาคม พ.ศ. 2554

Southern Photography during the American Civil War

Believe it or not, the American Civil War was the fourth war to be captured on camera. In 1846, the Mexican-American War was the first American disagreement with photographers to narrative first hand accounts of this history. The second was the Crimean War in 1854, and the third was the Indian Rebellion of 1857.

Union photographers such as Matthew Brady are very well-known, and Brady is determined to be the father of photojournalism. He was a passionate photographer and master of his craft. History knows quite a bit about Brady and other Union photographers and their work. However, less customary are the Southern photographers.

Henry S Camera

Many photographs were taken by Southerners, but unfortunately most of them were destroyed at the end of the war. The bitter loss and discontentment was too much for many to bear, and so these precious photos were very often destroyed.

George Cook was the most preeminent of the Southern photographers. He is known for recording the troops destruction of Charleston, Ft. Sumter, and he even captured ironclad activity near Ft. Sumter. Tragically, most of his work was destroyed in a fire in 1864. In 1880, he relocated to Richmond, where he purchased most of the work and negatives of many Southern photographers who were retiring or moving. As a result, he had amassed the biggest collection of Southern photography at the time.

Robert Smith was other foremost Southern photographer who was also a Confederate lieutenant. During the war he was captured and held at Johnson's Island, Ohio. Amazingly, he was able to privately fabricate a wet-plate camera. He used a spyglass lens, a knife, pine box and tin can. Prison security was apparently pretty lax! He then used his newly constructed camera to take undercover images of fellow prisoners and prison life in general. He was able to gain chemicals from the prison hospital to use in his developing process. It is an marvelous story! Unfortunately, few Robert Smith images have survived today.

The American Civil War was the most completely covered event of the 19th century. Even conflicts that came later did not have the coverage that the Civil War did. The photography is one of the main aspects that draws most interest to this conflict. By the time of the American Civil War, the art of photography was already 21 years old. We are fortunate that the technology of photography was industrialized just in time for the most sobering disagreement in American history.

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วันพฤหัสบดีที่ 1 ธันวาคม พ.ศ. 2554

The Physiology and rehabilitation of Diving As it Relates to Gue's Breathing Gas Concerns

What we breathe underwater is a significant concern for Gue. Because of this concern, Gue does not breathe air underwater. Air is not used for deep diving. Helium is introduced shallower than most accepted thinking. Accepted gases are used for underwater activities. The foundation of these rules is a sound insight of the interaction among the applicable gas laws: Boyle's, Dalton's and Henry's; the characteristics of discrete gases and human physiology.

The normal functions of breathing and circulating what we breathe throughout the body have developed at the surface. Once we submerge in water, pressure changes what we breathe and how we breathe it.

Henry S Camera

Let's make sure we understand pressure. The weight of the air surrounding us from "land" to outer-space is measured as one atmosphere (1ata) of pressure. In order to decree the total whole of pressure at any depth we have to add the pressure at the face to the pressure exerted by the weight of water. Every 33 feet of water adds other ata to the pressure. For example, at a depth of 99 feet there are 4 ata's: one for the weight of air at the face and one for each 33 feet. The whole of ata's or total pressure will help us understand the effects of pressure.

Unlike liquids and solids, gases (air) can be positively compressed by pressure. Pressure moves molecules of a gas closer together (density or think of weight) and makes the space it occupies (volume) smaller. For example, picture a balloon filled with air at the surface. Submerge the balloon to a depth of 33 feet. At that depth, the balloon would "shrink" to half its size at the surface. The air didn't fly from the balloon, so there still would be the same whole of air. The same goes for the air in our lungs; at 33 feet the air would be twice as dense in half the space. This is the conception behind Boyle's law: volume is inversely proportional to the increase in pressure and density is proportional to the increase in pressure.

Back at the face our balloon and our lungs are filled with air. For the most part air is made up of oxygen (about 21%) and nitrogen (about 79%). When you add these up you get 100%. If we only talk about oxygen in relation to air, that is only a quantum of, or a partial whole of what makes up air. Stated other way the 1 ata of pressure at the face equals the sum of the partial pressure (pp) of oxygen (0.21) and the partial pressure of nitrogen (0.79).

Now we need to bring Mr. Boyle back into the picture. Let's take our balloon back to 33 feet. If, as Boyle says, at 33 feet (2 ata's) the air is twice as dense then the oxygen and nitrogen, each, must also be twice as dense. So now we take 2 ata's and multiply it by each partial pressures: oxygen → 0.21 pp x 2.0 ata = 0.42 pp, and nitrogen → 0.79 pp x 2.0 ata = 1.58 pp; totaling 2.0 ata's. The math works, there are 2 ata's at 33 feet. Breathing air at 33 feet, our lungs have an oxygen partial pressure of 0.42 ata's and a nitrogen partial pressure of 1.58 ata's. This is the conception behind Dalton's law: the sum of the parts make up the whole.

So who cares about a balloon, I'm not a balloon. Your right! Our body exchanges air in the middle of blood and our lungs. We've lived at the face for a long time so the blood and tissues have the same whole of oxygen and nitrogen dissolved in them as is in our lungs. At 33 feet the partial pressures of oxygen (0.42 pp) and nitrogen (1.58 pp) in the lungs will eventually force the partial pressures in the blood and tissues to be the same as the air in our lungs (equilibrium). This is the conception behind Henry's law: The whole of any given gas that will dissolve in a liquid at a given climatic characteristic is directly proportional to the partial pressure of that gas.

We forgot something though. When we breathe we not only inhale we also exhale. So our lungs are taking in oxygen and nitrogen and getting rid of nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide is a by-product of our metabolism. It follows the same rules as other gases.

When oxygen, nitrogen, and, don't forget, carbon dioxide partial pressures get high enough they come to be toxic (poisonous) and/or narcotic. The onset of narcosis and toxicity is unpredictable; not only from someone to someone but also day to day in the same person.

Oxygen partial pressures in excess of 1.6 have been shown to cause Central Nervous law (Cns) problems and with longer exposure lung (pulmonary) problems. Cns toxicity targets your central nervous law nerves. The symptoms of Cns consist of nausea, abnormal vision or hearing, breathing difficulty, anxiety, confusion, fatigue, incoordination, twitching of your face, lips, or hands, and convulsions. Convulsions can appear without warning, and can lead to air embolism and drowning. Pulmonary oxygen toxicity primarily targets your lungs, producing chest pain and coughing. This can occur after a 24-hour exposure to pp O² of 0.6 pp (e.g., 60 fsw breathing air).

The results of one study (Meyer-Overton) have been used to predict that the anesthetic potency of a gas is inversely associated to its lipid solubility. The more lipid soluble gases furnish narcotic effects at lower concentrations than less soluble gases. Based on lipid solubility oxygen should be more narcotic than nitrogen.

Nitrogen partial pressures in excess of 3.16 (equivalent to air at 100 feet) have been shown to impair a diver's potential to think clearly and degrades motor skills. This degradation also includes the muscular action associated with breathing.

Partial pressures of carbon dioxide that fall above or below a very narrow range have been shown to cause narcosis and toxicity. Carbon dioxide toxicity, or hypercapnia, is an abnormally high level of carbon dioxide in the body tissues. The median normal range of Co² is carefully to be 35-45 mmHg (millimeters of mercury). Signs of Co² toxicity are regularly clear at Paco² (partial pressure of Co² in the alveoli) = 60 mmHg on the high end and 30 mmHg on the low end. A rise to 80 mmHg or decrease to 20 mmHg would be incapacitating. Normally, your body keeps your arterial Co², almost without exception, within 3 mmHg while both rest and exercise, a narrow range. Also, some studies have shown that carbon dioxide reduces mental and corporeal capacity at sub-anesthetic concentrations. Therefore, the build up of carbon dioxide should be a concern from both a narcotic and toxic standpoint.

Great?! I still want to dive. How do I reduce the risks of toxicity and narcosis? We can change the article of what we breathe. If we replace some of the nitrogen in air with more oxygen, so that at the face we have 0.32 pp of oxygen and 0.68 pp of nitrogen (This is called Nitrox 32), we try to minimize the inherent effects of nitrogen narcosis at depth. Now if we dive to 100 feet or 4 ata's using Nitrox 32, the partial pressure of nitrogen is 2.72 (4 ata x 0.68 pp of nitrogen). This is below our Accepted maximum of 3.16 pp (approximately 100 feet where the diminished cognitive and motor skills symptomatic of nitrogen narcosis come to be more clear with a partial pressure of colse to 3.16 pp.

Yeah, but if the oxygen pp is higher at the surface, then at depth there is more inherent for oxygen toxicity because of pressure! (remember Boyle?) Very good. That's why we compose the working range for Nitrox 32 as 0 - 100 feet (100 feet or 4ata x 0.32 = 1.28 pp of oxygen). This 1.28 pp of oxygen is below our 1.6 pp maximum where most studies have shown an increase in the probability of experiencing symptoms of oxygen toxicity. Also, by retention the oxygen partial pressure low (a max of 1.28pp for Nitrox 32) we effort to minimize the probability of the incidence of oxygen narcosis as expected by Meyer-Overton.

If you want to go deeper, we introduce helium. A composition of 0.30 pp of oxygen, 0.30 pp of helium and 0.40 of nitrogen (Trimix 30/30) used in the working range of 80 - 120 feet keeps oxygen toxicity and narcosis, and nitrogen narcosis in the Accepted ranges of less than 1.6 pp and less than 100 feet; respectively. A composition of 0.21 pp of oxygen, 0.35 pp of helium and 0.44 pp of nitrogen with a working range of 120 -160 feet (Trimix 21/35) keeps oxygen toxicity and narcosis, and nitrogen narcosis within the Accepted ranges.

Ok. What about carbon dioxide? For the most part changing what we breathe doesn't work on the whole of carbon dioxide our bodies create. We can make it easier for our bodies to move the gas colse to by adding helium. Remember we are used to the effort required to inhale and exhale at the surface. With a higher density of gas (think heavier) it is more difficult to breathe, at 99 feet it is four times as difficult. (See table 1 for densities at the face and 99 feet.) If our bodies can not efficiently move carbon dioxide from tissues to our lungs and out of our bodies the levels begin to rise. some factors increase our yield and elimination of Co²; these factors range from breathing resistance to gas density and fitness. For example, unfit divers may furnish about twice as much Co² as that of a fit diver. In addition, gas density can incorporate with increased depth to make a gas especially hard to breathe (due to continued increases in density). Regardless of the definite reasons for increased Co² accumulation the body attempts to compensate by expanding the breathing rate. Very often this results in rapid but shallow breathing which is not sufficient at removing Co². Considering that Co² is very narcotic, this narcosis together with any narcosis experienced from other gasses can significantly impair the diver. In addition, the rapid shallow breathing that might result from trying to exert (particularly with dense gasses) can lead one into panic and/or Co² toxicity and unconsciousness. In summary we don't breathe air because there are less dense, less narcotic and less toxic alternatives. These alternatives take into account basic gas laws applied to gas properties interacting with human physiology to make diving safer.

References: The physiology and medicine of diving, 4th Ed., by Peter Bennett & David Elliott, et. Al Us Navy Diving manual Doing it Right: The Fundamentals of better Diving, by Jarod Jablonski Quest Magazine, by Gue Naui expert Scuba Diver policy Materials

The Fundamentals of Dir, slide presentation by Gue

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